Invented by CHOI; DONGKWON, LEE; HONGKOO, PARK; JUSEONG, LEE; YOUNGKI, JEONG; WONCHEOL, HA; SANGGYU, HUR; JOONHOI

Today, wireless communication is everywhere. We use phones, tablets, and many other devices to talk, text, and stream videos. All these devices need to talk to each other using invisible signals called radio waves. But there is a problem: as these devices use more and more different radio frequencies to send data faster, it gets harder to control how much power they use and how well they send those signals. If the power is too low, your call drops. If it’s too high, the battery drains fast and the device might even break the rules set by governments. This patent aims to make that power control much better and smarter. Let’s break down how it works and why it matters.

Background and Market Context

Wireless communication is growing every day. We depend on fast, reliable connections for everything from video calls to streaming our favorite shows. To keep up with our needs, devices now use more radio frequencies than ever before. This helps send more data, but it also means the signals can lose strength or power as they travel. This is called transmission loss. If a device sends a signal that’s too weak, the message won’t get through. If it’s too strong, it wastes battery or even breaks the rules for safe radio use.

To fix this, devices have to carefully measure and adjust the power they use. They do this using something called an antenna array. Think of this as a group of little antennas working together to send and receive signals. But measuring the power that actually comes out of the antenna is tricky. The device can measure how much power it sends to the antenna, but that’s not always what actually gets out. Some power is lost along the way, especially at higher frequencies.

So, why does this matter in the market? Because every phone, tablet, or smart gadget needs good, safe, and efficient power control. If a device uses too much power, it gets hot and uses up the battery. If it uses too little, the connection is poor. Also, governments set strict rules about how much power a wireless device can send out. If a device breaks these rules, it can’t be sold in those countries. Companies want to make sure their devices work well everywhere, use as little power as possible, and always follow the rules.

The current ways of measuring and controlling this power are not perfect. They often use simple guesses or rough corrections. As a result, devices might overestimate or underestimate the power they need. This leads to wasted energy, poor signal quality, or even legal problems. The market needs a better, more accurate way to control the power of wireless signals, especially as devices get more complex and use more frequencies.

Scientific Rationale and Prior Art

To understand this invention, we need to look at how devices have tried to solve this problem before. In the past, devices stored a few “correction values.” These are numbers that help adjust for the power lost before the signal leaves the antenna. Each correction value is linked to a certain frequency. If a device needs to use a frequency in between, it “guesses” the correction value by looking at the closest ones and picking a value in between. This is called interpolation.

But this method is not very accurate. If the chosen frequencies are not picked well, the guesses can be wrong. Also, if something changes in the device, or if there is a small mistake in how the correction values are picked, the whole system can be off. This means the device may send too much or too little power. To make matters worse, as devices use more and more frequencies, the number of correction values needed goes up. Storing all these values takes up space and time during manufacturing, which costs money.

Some older solutions tried to fix this by just adding more correction values or by using more complicated math to guess the right value. But more values mean more memory, and harder math means slower devices. Other methods tried to measure the power for every single frequency, but this takes too much time and is too expensive.

The main problem is how to pick the best set of frequencies for these correction values. If you pick the right ones, you can guess the needed values for any frequency very accurately. If you pick the wrong ones, your guesses are bad. The idea is to find a way to choose these “representative frequencies” so that the device can always estimate the real power almost perfectly, no matter which frequency it uses.

This patent answers that need with a smart way to pick the best frequencies using something called segmented linear regression. This is a way of looking at the correction values across all frequencies and breaking them into sections where the changes are smooth and predictable. By picking special points where the changes happen (called “knot points”), the device can store just a few correction values and still make very good guesses for any frequency. This keeps the memory use low, the math simple, and the results accurate.

Invention Description and Key Innovations

This invention is all about helping a wireless device, like your smartphone, pick the best frequencies to store correction values, so that it can always send the right amount of power. Here’s how it works in a simple way:

First, the company making the device uses a sample device—one that is built the same way as the real product. They measure the “ideal correction value” for lots of different frequencies. Think of this as building a big table that says, “For frequency 1, use correction X; for frequency 2, use correction Y,” and so on.

Next, the invention uses segmented linear regression to look at this big table of values. It finds the places where the correction values change the most or where the curve bends. These special places are called “knot points.” The invention picks these knot frequencies, plus the highest and lowest frequencies used, to be the “representative frequencies.” For each of these, it stores the correction value.

When the device is actually used, it only needs to store the correction values for these chosen frequencies. If the device needs to use a frequency in between, it simply looks at the two closest correction values and calculates the right value using a basic formula (linear interpolation).

The clever part is that, because the frequencies were picked using smart math, the difference (or error) between the guessed correction value and the real, ideal value is always less than a set amount (called the threshold error). This means the device can always estimate the transmit power very accurately, no matter which frequency it uses.

The patent also describes how this system works during manufacturing. At the factory, the device is tested at each of the chosen frequencies. A special tool measures the real power coming out of the antenna. The device also measures the power it thinks it is sending. The difference between these two is the correction value, which is then stored in memory.

When the device is in use, the power control part reads the needed correction values from memory, uses the formula to calculate the right correction for the current frequency, and adjusts the power of the antenna so that the signal is just right—not too high or too low.

This system has some big advantages:

– It uses fewer correction values, saving space and cost.
– It keeps the math simple, so the device can work fast.
– It always keeps the error small, so the device is accurate.
– It works for any device built the same way, so manufacturers only have to do the hard math once.
– If needed, the system can be made even more accurate by using more sample devices and merging their results.

The invention also includes ways to combine results from several sample devices, making the system even more robust in case there are small differences between devices. It can also be adapted to use different algorithms if desired, though segmented linear regression is the main method described.

How It Works in Practice

Imagine you are making a new smartphone. You want it to work on lots of different networks around the world, using many frequencies. You build a few sample phones and measure the ideal correction values for each frequency. You use the method in this patent to pick the best frequencies to store, then test the real phones at those frequencies and store the measured correction values in memory.

Later, when someone uses the phone and it needs to send a signal at a frequency not in the table, it quickly calculates the best correction value using the two closest stored values. It adjusts the power so that the signal is always strong enough to work, but never too strong to waste battery or break the rules.

The result is a phone that works better, lasts longer between charges, and meets all the legal needs in every country.

Conclusion

This patent brings a smart, simple solution to a tough problem in wireless devices. By choosing the best frequencies for correction values using segmented linear regression, it lets devices control their transmit power with great accuracy. It keeps devices small, fast, and efficient, saving cost and battery. It also keeps them safe and legal for use everywhere. As wireless technology keeps growing, this kind of smart power control will be key to making devices that work well for everyone, everywhere. If you build, design, or test wireless devices, this invention gives you a practical, reliable way to solve one of the hardest problems in radio design, all while keeping your products competitive in a crowded market.

Click here https://ppubs.uspto.gov/pubwebapp/ and search 20250216428.