Invented by Rustemi; Alajdin

Voltage noise and ripple are major headaches for anyone building modern electronic systems. When you want your chips to work fast and accurately, you need clean power. But keeping that power clean has never been easy—especially as electronics keep getting smaller, more complex, and more sensitive. A new patent application reveals an inventive way to tackle this problem using a smarter linear regulator with a special boost to knock down noise. In this article, we’ll walk you through the market background, the science and prior approaches, and finally, the heart of this new invention. By the end, you’ll know how this new method could make a real difference in everything from cloud data centers to your smartphone.

Background and Market Context

To understand why this invention matters, let’s start with the basics. Every electronic device—from a phone to a supercomputer—needs power. But not just any power. The chips inside these devices are like tiny cities. They need a steady, quiet voltage, free from bumps and dips. Even a small “ripple” (a fast, repeating change in voltage) can cause errors, crashes, or lower performance.

Now think about where that power comes from. In most systems, a big power supply or battery gives one or two basic voltages. But inside the device, there are lots of tiny chips, and each one may need its own special voltage. The job of turning that big, noisy supply into clean, quiet voltages falls to parts called linear regulators—especially a type called LDOs (Low Drop-Out regulators). These are everywhere: in your laptop, your phone, your car, and in huge cloud data centers.

As chips get faster and smaller, their hunger for clean power grows. Newer chips, like graphics processors (GPUs), CPUs, and AI accelerators, can get tripped up by even tiny voltage ripples. And the problem gets worse at higher speeds. If the power isn’t clean, the whole system can slow down, fail, or heat up. That means companies building cloud services, AI systems, 3D graphics, and smart devices all need better ways to keep their chips fed with clean, steady power.

But here’s the catch: linear regulators, while great for low noise, have a hard time fighting certain kinds of noise—especially at “middle” frequencies, not too slow and not too fast. Most regulators do well at low frequencies (slow changes) or very high frequencies (blips that are easy to smooth out with a capacitor). But the middle ground? That’s the weak spot. This is where many real-world noise problems sneak through.

The industry has tried many tricks to fix this. Some use more complex circuit designs, but those can be unstable or too slow for the latest chips. Others use bigger capacitors, which take up space and add cost. Some try digital solutions, but those can add their own noise or use too much power. As a result, there’s a real need for a new way to crush noise and ripple in these tricky middle frequencies, without making things more complicated or expensive.

This is where the new invention steps in. It promises to boost a key measure called Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR)—a number that shows how well a regulator blocks noise from reaching the chip. By raising PSRR in the most difficult frequency ranges, this approach could help keep everything from cloud servers to VR headsets running faster, cooler, and more reliably. In a world where users demand smooth video, instant AI answers, and never want their devices to crash, this is a big deal.

Scientific Rationale and Prior Art

Now, let’s dig into the science behind voltage noise, and why it’s so hard to beat. Every power supply, no matter how good, has some noise or ripple. When you plug in a charger, turn on a switch, or even just from the way power flows inside a chip, little waves of voltage can shake things up. These ripples come in all kinds of frequencies—slow, medium, and very fast.

Low-frequency noise (slow changes) can usually be handled by a regular linear regulator. These regulators use a feedback loop—think of it as a smart sensor that checks the voltage and adjusts things to keep it steady. If there’s a slow drift, the circuit notices and fixes it. High-frequency noise (very fast blips) can often be tamed by a capacitor at the output—a small device that acts like a shock absorber, soaking up the fast bumps.

But what about the noise in the middle? This is where things get tricky. The main feedback loop in a typical regulator isn’t fast enough to catch these middle-frequency ripples, and the output capacitor isn’t big enough to soak them up. This is often the exact range where the worst noise sneaks through—right into the sensitive chips.

Over the years, engineers have tried clever ways to fill this gap. Some have used dual feedback loops (one fast, one slow), or special chip designs using PMOS transistors in a flipped voltage follower setup. These can help a bit, but they often struggle with stability or performance at higher speeds. Some designs add digital controls to try to sense and cancel noise, but that can add its own problems—more power use, more complexity, and sometimes even more noise.

A key number in all of this is PSRR. The higher the PSRR, the better a regulator can block noise from the power supply and keep the output clean. The best designs have high PSRR across all frequencies. But, in reality, most regulators only do well at the low and high ends. The middle is the weak point.

The reason is that the main amplifier (the error amplifier) in a regulator can only work so fast. It’s like trying to steer a car on a twisty road—if you react too slowly, you’ll miss some of the curves. The amplifier has a limit to how quickly it can correct for incoming changes. And while adding bigger capacitors can help with the fastest ripples, it doesn’t do much for the ones in the middle.

Some past inventions have tried to improve things by using different types of transistors (like NMOS instead of PMOS) or by splitting the job between several parts of the circuit. But these often require more space, more power, or complicated tuning. Others have tried to sense the noise and inject a canceling signal, but these systems can be unstable or hard to design.

So, the patent application we’re looking at builds on all this background. It uses some of these older ideas—like feedback loops and special transistor setups—but adds a new twist to attack the hard-to-beat middle-frequency noise. The aim is to create a system that can sense, invert, and squash ripple in a smart, stable, and efficient way—raising PSRR where it’s needed most.

Invention Description and Key Innovations

Let’s get into the heart of the invention. Imagine a regular low drop-out (LDO) linear regulator, the kind that takes in voltage from a big supply and gives out a nice, steady voltage to a chip. This invention adds a special “suppression element”—think of it as a smart helper—that senses noise in the output, flips it upside down, makes it stronger, and then feeds it back in to cancel out the original noise.

Here’s how it works, step by step:

First, the linear regulator takes in an input voltage (which might be noisy) and creates a regulated output voltage. The main feedback loop and an error amplifier handle the slow changes, keeping the voltage level steady. A big output capacitor takes care of the really fast noise. But for the middle frequencies—the ones that usually sneak through—this is where the magic happens.

The suppression element (sometimes called a PSRR boost loop) is wired to sense the ripple in the output voltage. It passes this ripple through a first high pass filter (made from a resistor and capacitor), which lets through only the noise in the target frequency range.

Next, the filtered ripple is sent through a set of three special amplifier stages called GM-GM inverter amplifiers. These stages do two things: they amplify the noise, and they invert its polarity (turning a positive bump into a negative one, and vice versa). By using three stages, the system gets a strong, fast response, perfect for fighting the tricky middle-frequency noise.

The output of these amplifiers is then passed through a second high pass filter, which again ensures only the right frequencies are affected. Finally, the system injects this amplified, inverted noise back into the regulator’s output path—specifically, to a small part of the main pass transistor (an NMOS device set up as a source follower).

The result? The injected “opposite” ripple cancels out the original noise in the output voltage. It’s a bit like noise-canceling headphones, but for voltage instead of sound. The system uses AC coupling (meaning it only deals with the “wiggles,” not the steady voltage level), so it doesn’t mess with the main feedback loop’s job of keeping the voltage at the right level.

One especially clever part of this design is how the suppression element is connected. Instead of taking over the whole output path, it only controls a fraction (like 10%) of the main pass device. This means it can work fast and aggressively to kill noise, but without making the whole regulator unstable. The main loop and the suppression loop are carefully separated, each doing their own job.

Another key feature is the use of a slow, low-speed loop (using an operational transconductance amplifier, or OTA) to set the DC bias of the fast amplifiers. This keeps the high-speed part working at its best, but only cares about the “wiggles” (the AC part) when actually fighting noise.

In practice, this approach gives a big boost to PSRR in that hard-to-fix middle frequency range. Tests show that, at around 10 to 11 megahertz (a range where many chips are most sensitive), the PSRR jumps by 6 to 8 decibels compared to older designs. That’s a huge improvement when you’re fighting tiny voltage ripples that can crash a whole computer or mess up an AI model’s training.

The invention also includes ways to switch the suppression loop on or off as needed. For example, during chip startup or shutdown, you might want to turn off the high-speed part to save power or avoid problems. The system is designed so it won’t draw current when it’s off.

This whole setup can be built into lots of different systems: data centers, cloud platforms, AI hardware, VR and AR devices, edge computing, and more. It works for any case where you need fast, clean, reliable power—even in the face of real-world noise and ripple.

To sum up, these are the main innovations:

– A special suppression loop that senses, inverts, and cancels voltage ripple in the middle frequency range, where regular regulators are weak.
– The use of high-speed, high-gain inverter amplifiers in a three-stage setup for fast, aggressive noise fighting.
– Careful splitting of the main loop and suppression loop, using AC coupling and only controlling a part of the main pass device, for both speed and stability.
– A low-speed loop to keep the fast amplifiers working at their best.
– The ability to turn the suppression loop on or off as needed, saving power and protecting the chip.
– Broad applicability to any system that needs clean, reliable power in the face of noise.

Conclusion

Voltage noise and ripple have always been tough enemies for chip designers. Standard linear regulators do a good job at the low and high ends, but often fail right where it matters most: the middle frequencies that can slip through and cause trouble for high-speed, sensitive chips. This new patent application reveals a smart, practical answer—a way to sense and cancel noise at just the right moment, using a fast, clever suppression loop that works alongside the main regulator.

For makers of cloud data centers, AI systems, smart devices, and more, this means more reliable, faster, and cooler-running hardware. It’s a step forward for power management, giving engineers a new tool to keep their systems running smooth, even as demands keep rising. If you design electronics, now’s the time to pay attention to new ways of fighting voltage noise. Clean power isn’t just a detail—it’s the key to making the next generation of technology work.

If you want to learn more about how this technology could benefit your products or need help navigating the patent landscape for power management, reach out to our team. We’re ready to help you stay ahead in the race for cleaner, more reliable power.

Click here https://ppubs.uspto.gov/pubwebapp/ and search 20250216874.